What is DDoS? Attack Types and Top 10 Defense Strategies

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What is DDoS? Types and 10 Proven Protection Techniques

🔹 What is DDoS?

A Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack is a malicious attempt to overwhelm a target system, service, or network by flooding it with excessive traffic from multiple compromised devices (often called botnets).
The goal is simple: make the website, application, or server unavailable for legitimate users.

Unlike a normal Denial of Service (DoS) attack that comes from one machine, a DDoS attack uses thousands or even millions of devices worldwide, making it harder to block.

🔹 Types of DDoS Attacks

  1. Volume-Based Attacks

    • Floods the bandwidth with massive amounts of traffic.

    • Example: UDP Flood, ICMP Flood.

    • Measured in bits per second (bps).

  2. Protocol Attacks

    • Exploit weaknesses in networking protocols to consume server resources.

    • Example: SYN Flood, Ping of Death, Smurf attack.

    • Measured in packets per second (pps).

  3. Application Layer Attacks (Layer 7)

    • Target the application or web server directly.

    • Example: HTTP Flood, Slowloris.

    • Measured in requests per second (rps).

🔹 10 Proven DDoS Protection Techniques

  1. Use a Web Application Firewall (WAF)

    • Filters malicious traffic before it reaches your web server.

  2. Rate Limiting

    • Restricts the number of requests a user can make in a given time.

  3. CDN & Load Balancing

    • Distributes traffic across multiple servers to absorb attack loads.

  4. Intrusion Detection & Prevention Systems (IDS/IPS)

    • Detects abnormal traffic patterns and blocks them in real-time.

  5. Blackhole & Sinkhole Routing

    • Diverts malicious traffic into a “null route” to protect the network.

  6. Anycast Network Routing

    • Spreads requests across multiple geographically distributed servers.

  7. Traffic Analysis & Monitoring

    • Continuous monitoring helps detect attack signatures early.

  8. Cloud-Based DDoS Protection Services

    • Providers like Cloudflare, Akamai, AWS Shield absorb large-scale attacks.

  9. Patch & Secure Servers Regularly

    • Fix vulnerabilities attackers could exploit in your infrastructure.

  10. Create an Incident Response Plan

  • Prepare a strategy with roles, escalation steps, and backup resources to recover quickly.

✅ Conclusion:
DDoS attacks are one of the biggest threats to online services today. By understanding the types of attacks and implementing strong protection strategies, businesses can keep their websites and applications available—even in the face of large-scale attacks.

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