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  What is DDoS? Types and 10 Proven Protection Techniques 🔹 What is DDoS? A Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack is a malicious attempt to overwhelm a target system, service, or network by flooding it with excessive traffic from multiple compromised devices (often called botnets). The goal is simple: make the website, application, or server unavailable for legitimate users. Unlike a normal Denial of Service (DoS) attack that comes from one machine, a DDoS attack uses thousands or even millions of devices worldwide, making it harder to block. 🔹 Types of DDoS Attacks Volume-Based Attacks Floods the bandwidth with massive amounts of traffic. Example: UDP Flood, ICMP Flood. Measured in bits per second (bps). Protocol Attacks Exploit weaknesses in networking protocols to consume server resources. Example: SYN Flood, Ping of Death, Smurf attack. Measured in packets per second (pps). Application Layer Attacks (Layer 7) Target the applicatio...

  Ettercap Explained: How It Works, What It Affects, and How to Protect Yourself from MITM Attacks In today’s increasingly connected digital world, understanding how hackers exploit network vulnerabilities is critical. One such powerful tool used for Man-in-the-Middle (MITM) attacks is Ettercap . In this post, we’ll explore what Ettercap is, how it works, what systems it can affect, the dangers it poses, and how to protect yourself from these types of attacks. 💡 What is Ettercap? Ettercap is an open-source network security tool primarily used for network sniffing , interception , and MITM attacks on LANs (Local Area Networks). Available on Linux , macOS, and even Windows, Ettercap can monitor, intercept, and modify traffic in real time. Ettercap supports active and passive dissection of many protocols and includes features for network and host analysis. It’s frequently used by ethical hackers , penetration testers , and sometimes, unfortunately, by malicious attackers. 🛠️...

  How to Set Up a Home Lab for Ethical Hacking (Beginner’s Guide) If you’re interested in learning ethical hacking or preparing for a cybersecurity career , setting up a home lab is the safest and most practical way to start. A home lab gives you a controlled environment where you can practice hacking techniques, test tools, and build your skills without risking real-world systems. In this beginner-friendly guide, I’ll explain everything you need to set up your own ethical hacking lab at home — step by step. 🖥️ Hardware Requirements for an Ethical Hacking Lab Before installing any tools, make sure your computer can handle multiple virtual machines (VMs). PC or Laptop – At least 8GB RAM , 250GB+ storage , and a quad-core CPU . More is better. External HDD/SSD (Optional) – For storing VM files and backups. Wi-Fi Adapter (Recommended) – One that supports monitor mode and packet injection (e.g., Alfa AWUS036NHA). Optional Router/Switch – For hands-on networkin...

  How to Completely Uninstall PowerShell Empire from Your Linux Machine By Engr. Md. Jashim Uddin | Learn Cybersecurity PowerShell Empire is a powerful post-exploitation framework used by cybersecurity professionals and penetration testers. However, there are times when you need to completely uninstall it—whether for troubleshooting, upgrading, or simply cleaning your system. In this blog post, I will guide you through the step-by-step process to fully remove PowerShell Empire and its database from a Linux machine, so you can have a clean slate or reinstall it fresh without any leftover files or configurations. Why Uninstall PowerShell Empire? You want to reinstall Empire cleanly to fix installation issues. You need to free up system resources or remove unused tools. You want to ensure no residual data or configuration remains on your machine. Step 1: Stop PowerShell Empire Before uninstalling, ensure that Empire is not running. Use the following command to stop any...

 ⚠️ Disclaimer : This tutorial is intended for educational and ethical hacking purposes only. Unauthorized access to devices is illegal. Use this tool only in a controlled environment or with explicit permission . 📌 What is AndroRAT? AndroRAT (Android Remote Administration Tool) is a powerful open-source tool that allows you to remotely access and control Android devices. It is commonly used by cybersecurity learners and ethical hackers to understand how remote access works on Android. AndroRAT is written in Python and works by creating a malicious APK file that, when installed on a target device, gives the attacker full control via a remote shell. 🎯 Features of AndroRAT           AndroRAT offers an impressive range of features once connected to a victim's phone: Access call logs, SMS, contacts Capture camera photos or record audio/video Track GPS location in real-time Send fake messages or toasts Even reboot the phone remotel...

  MikroTik Bridge VLAN Filtering – Full Explanation with Configuration Bridge VLAN Filtering in MikroTik is essential when you're managing VLANs (Virtual LANs) using hardware offloading for high performance (using a bridge instead of a router). It's the modern and efficient method for VLAN management in RouterOS 6.41+ and RouterOS v7 . 🔐 What is Bridge VLAN Filtering? Bridge VLAN filtering allows you to isolate or segment traffic on different VLANs through one bridge interface , applying VLAN rules per-port efficiently. 🧱 Key Concepts for VLAN Filtering: Bridge: Logical switch combining multiple interfaces. VLAN: Virtual separation of Layer 2 domains. PVID (Port VLAN ID): Used for untagged incoming traffic. Tagged: Traffic with VLAN ID. Untagged: Plain Ethernet traffic. ✅ Example Scenario for the Mikrotik Configuration.  If We have: ether1 as uplink to trunk (to switch or another router) ether2 for VLAN 10 ether3 for VLAN 20 ?...